Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may benefit from taking essential fatty acid (EFA) supplements. Recent studies indicate that getting more EFAs in kids’ diets can alleviate the inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity associated with ADHD—the most common children’s neurological condition.

Findings for Kids

The latest clinical studies build from earlier ones, which suggest that youngsters with attention deficit disorder (ADD) and ADHD have lower than normal levels of omega-3 fatty acids in their red blood cell membranes. Omega-3 fatty acids are critical to brain development and function. Foods rich in omega 3s include oily fish such as anchovies and sardines, which are often lacking in modern diets. The most important of the omega-3 EFAs are eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), available in fish oil.

Not all studies find that omega-3 supplementation produces significant behavioral improvements in children with ADHD and ADD. However, one study that shows only minor progress also indicates that the benefits of supplementation may be greater in classroom settings than would be noticeable in the home environment.

Benefits for All

Taking EFA supplements may also be a good idea for older members of the family. Recent adult trials indicate that EFA supplementation improves the cognitive function of those with mild cognitive impairment (about 12 percent of people over the age of 70, according to the Mayo Clinic).

Look for supplements that contain both omega-3 and omega-6 EFAs in a balanced formulation with approximately equal amounts of DHA and EPA.

Naturally Good

Eliminating additives from children’s diets may improve their behavior and attention span. Try eliminating foods with artificial colorings, flavorings, sweeteners, and preservatives. Food dyes, including FD&C Yellow No. 5 or FD&C Blue No. 1, are listed on ingredient labels.

Recent studies also suggest that eating salmon or other fatty fish twice a week provides people with the recommended amounts of omega-3 fatty acids.

Twice-weekly servings do not exceed the tolerable weekly intake of heavy metals and other pollutants found in fish, the studies say.